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Article ID: CBB000931190

Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière's Mechanical Leeches (1817--1825): An Early Response in the Netherlands to a Shortage of Leeches (2009)

Van Heiningen, Teunis Willem (Author)

Medical History
Volume: 53
Pages: 253--270

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Medical instruments and apparatus 19th century Netherlands Marum, Martinus van Sarlandière, J. (Jean Baptiste) Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen

One solution to the problem had already been invented---the artificial leech of Jean-Baptiste Sarlandière. At their annual general meeting, held on 21 May 1821, the officers of the Dutch Society of Sciences (Hollandsche Maatschappij der Wetenschappen, founded in 1752), on learning of Sarlandière's invention through Martinus van Marum, the Society's secretary, decided to hold a competition on its serviceability.5 They were persuaded by the increasing demand for leeches, as well as by the fascinating and promising aspects and originality of Sarlandière's invention. At the time, the Dutch Society of Sciences was one of the leading scientific societies in the world with a long and reputable tradition in the fields of science and technology. Through the annual programme, which was translated into French before being sent to the many foreign members of the Society, as well as to the various affiliated scientific societies like those of London, Paris, Edinburgh, Vienna, Berlin, St Petersburg, Turin and Washington, Sarlandière was informed about the contest involving his bdellomètre or artificial leech, as he called it.6 However, it was probably not until early 1825 that he decided to enter this competition.

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