Article ID: CBB000850556

Images: Real and Virtual, Projected and Perceived, from Kepler to Dechales (2008)

unapi

Shapiro, Alan E. (Author)


Early Science and Medicine: A Journal for the Study of Science, Technology and Medicine in the Pre-modern Period
Volume: 13
Pages: 270--312


Publication Date: 2008
Edition Details: Part of special issue: “Kepler, Optical Imagery, and the Camera Obscura”
Language: English

In developing a new theory of vision in Ad Vitellionem paralipomena (1604) Kepler introduced a new optical concept, pictura, which is an image projected on to a screen by a camera obscura. He distinguished this pictura from an imago, the traditional image of medieval optics that existed only in the imagination. By the 1670s a new theory of optical imagery had been developed, and Kepler's pictura and imago became real and virtual images, two aspects of a unified concept of image. The new concept of image developed out of a synthesis of Kepler's determination of the geometrical location of a pictura as the limit, or focus, of refracted pencils of rays and the triangulation used by a single eye to determine the perceived location of an imago. The distinction between real and imaginary images was largely developed by Gilles Personne de Roberval and the Jesuits Francesco Eschinardi and Claude François Milliet Dechales.

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Article Shapiro, Alan E. (2008) Kepler, Optical Imagery, and the Camera Obscura: Introduction. Early Science and Medicine: A Journal for the Study of Science, Technology and Medicine in the Pre-modern Period (p. 217). unapi

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Authors & Contributors
Dupré, Sven
Sascha Grusche
Webster, Erin
Nader-Esfahani, Sanam
Bergera, Susanna
Zik, Yaakov
Concepts
Optics
Visual perception
Visual representation; visual communication
Camera obscuras
Physics
Senses and sensation; perception
Time Periods
17th century
18th century
Renaissance
16th century
Enlightenment
Places
London (England)
Italy
France
Institutions
Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
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