This article compares two radically opposed views concerning ''race'' in the first half of the 20th century: the one of Franz Boas (1858-1942), the founder of American cultural anthropology, and the other of Hans F.K. Gunther (1889-1968), the most widely read theoretician of race in Nazi Germany. Opposite as their views were, both derived from a similar non-evolutionist German anthropological matrix. The article reconstructs their definitions of racial objects and studies their analyses of racial intermixture. Although both believed that contemporary peoples were racially deeply mixed, Boas moved towards an antiracist conception of race-as-population, whereas Gunther moved towards a racist conception of homogenous races in mixed peoples. The comparison shows that the major difference between them concerns their ideals or guiding principles. Their respective ideals seeped into their versions of science and transformed the nature and the significance of their respective ideas.
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Rosemary Lévy Zumwalt;
(2019)
Franz Boas: The Emergence of the Anthropologist
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Martínez-Hernáez, Angel;
(2011)
El dibujante de límites: Franz Boas y la (im)posibilidad del concepto de cultura en antropología
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Greenhouse, Carol J.;
(2010)
Introduction: Cultural Subjects and Objects
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Baker, Lee D.;
(2010)
The Cult of Franz Boas and His “Conspiracy” to Destroy the White Race
(/isis/citation/CBB001232038/)
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Zumwalt, Rosemary Lévy;
Willis, William Shedrick;
(2008)
Franz Boas and W. E. B. Du Bois at Atlanta University, 1906
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Evans, Andrew D.;
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Race Made Visible: The Transformation of Museum Exhibits in Early-Twentieth-Century German Anthropology
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Boon, James A.;
(2010)
On Alternating Boasians: Generational Connections
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Dirks, Nicholas B.;
(2010)
Franz Boas and the American University: A Personal Account
(/isis/citation/CBB001232043/)
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Evans, Brad;
(2006)
Where Was Boas during the Renaissance in Harlem? Diffusion, Race, and the Culture Paradigm in the History of Anthropology
(/isis/citation/CBB000760273/)
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Teslow, Tracy;
(2014)
Constructing Race: The Science of Bodies and Cultures in American Anthropology
(/isis/citation/CBB001510128/)
Thesis
Burkholder, Zoe;
(2008)
With Science as His Shield: Teaching Race and Culture in American Public Schools, 1900--1954
(/isis/citation/CBB001561311/)
Book
Goode, Joshua;
(2009)
Impurity of Blood: Defining Race in Spain, 1870--1930
(/isis/citation/CBB001035857/)
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Livio Sansone;
(2022)
La Galassia Lombroso
(/isis/citation/CBB789501643/)
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Blanchard, Pascal;
(2008)
Human Zoos: Science and Spectacle in the Age of Colonial Empires
(/isis/citation/CBB001033417/)
Book
Baker, Lee D.;
(2010)
Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture
(/isis/citation/CBB001035564/)
Article
Valentina Mann;
(2022)
Mind and knowledge in the early thought of Franz Boas, 1887–1904
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Alexa Geisthövel;
(2013)
Intelligenz und Rasse. Franz Boas' psychologischer Antirassismus zwischen Amerika und Deutschland, 1920 - 1942
(/isis/citation/CBB759846339/)
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Imeri, Sabine;
(2010)
Zwischen Selbstverständnis und Legitimationsstrategie. Überlegungen zu Verwendungskonzepten volkskundlichen Wissens bis 1933
(/isis/citation/CBB001023282/)
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Steinweis, Alan E.;
(2006)
Studying the Jew: Scholarly Antisemitism in Nazi Germany
(/isis/citation/CBB000771514/)
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Evans, Andrew D.;
(2010)
Anthropology at War: World War I and the Science of Race in Germany
(/isis/citation/CBB001023150/)
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