Article ID: CBB000660321

Gendering the City, Gendering the Welfare State: The Nurses' Settlement of Richmond, 1900--1930 (2005)

unapi

This essay will examine the Nurses' Settlement during the heady years of its founding and expansion during the Progressive Era. Although mostly unknown to historians, this little organization was well known to thousands of Richmond residents and was an important social welfare institution in the city for decades. Women in particular benefited from the services of the Nurses' Settlement, which considered obstetrics, gynecology, and pediatrics to be its special domain. An analysis of the Nurses' Settlement offers the opportunity to reconsider southern progressivism and public welfare policy in light of the burgeoning scholarship on gender and social policy. Recent work has emphasized the importance of women and their organizations in the creation of the modern welfare state.( n4) Similarly, recent scholarly trends have seen women's activism as the "gendering of the city," as female reformers tried to ensure that municipal institutions reflected their values.( n5) Building on that scholarship, this essay sees the Nurses' Settlement as one of the South's most significant social welfare institutions, creating an open space for women's reform experiments, helping to shape the development of the city's civic institutions, and molding the nascent social welfare state to a positively gendered form. This essay also engages the ongoing debate about the nature of southern progressivism by highlighting the firm connections between southern and northern reform movements, thanks in large measure to the connections between southern and northern female reformers.( n6)

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Authors & Contributors
Vandenberg, Helen
Fiorilli, Olivia
Letitia Johnson
Audrey Hasegawa
Elder, Rachel
D'Antonio, Patricia
Concepts
Public health
Nurses and nursing
Medicine and gender
Social welfare
Medicine
Hospitals and clinics
Time Periods
20th century, early
19th century
20th century, late
Places
United States
Germany
England
Uruguay
Tanzania (Tanganyika, Zanzibar)
New York City (New York, U.S.)
Institutions
Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia
Rockefeller Foundation
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