Article ID: CBB000470997

Borderline Science: Expert Testimony and the Red River Boundary Dispute (2004)

unapi

The 1918 discovery of oil in the bed of the Red River, which forms the border between Texas and Oklahoma, led to a U.S. Supreme Court case that involved the extensive use of expert witnesses in fields such as geology, geography, and ecology. What began as a dispute between the two states soon became a multisided controversy involving those states, the federal government, Native Americans, and individual placer-mining claimants. After the federal attorneys introduced scientific experts into the dispute, including the plant ecologist Henry Chandler Cowles and the geographer Isaiah Bowman, fresh from negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference, Texas attorneys fielded their own team of opposing experts. Charged with the task of determining the location of the border, defined as the south bank of the river at the time of the 1819 treaty with Spain, the scientific experts presented the court with volumes of evidence and elaborate arguments, much of it contradictory and involving creative interpretations of existing theories. The case exhibited all the now-familiar features of a trial using expert witnesses, for which it represents an early, overlooked, and particularly complex example.

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Authors & Contributors
Berneking, Carolyn Bailey
Cole, Simon A.
Crockett, Bernice Norman
Edmond, Gary
Golan, Tal
Hoddeson, Lillian Hartmann
Journals
Social Studies of Science
Almagest
Bulletin for the History of Chemistry
Comparative Studies in Society and History
Environmental History
Science as Culture
Publishers
University of Oklahoma
Harvard University Press
Palgrave
Springer
Texas State Historical Association
University of Chicago Press
Concepts
Science and law
Expert testimony
Science and government
Controversies and disputes
Eugenics
Public health
People
Scopes, John Thomas
Bailey, Edgar Henry Summerfield
Bryan, William Jennings
Stilwell, Arthur Edward
Time Periods
20th century, early
20th century, late
19th century
21st century
Places
United States
Texas (U.S.)
Oklahoma (U.S.)
Mexico
Ecuador
England
Institutions
Superconducting Super Colider
United States. Department of Energy
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