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Article ID: CBB000470291

Ernest Starling's Analysis of the Energy Balance of the German People During the Blockade, 1914--19 (2003)

Kloot, William Van der (Author)

Notes and Records: The Royal Society Journal of the History of Science
Volume: 57
Pages: 185--193

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Ernst H. Starling FRS (1866-1927) is remembered as a great physiologist; nevertheless a paper of his that is of substantial historical interest has dropped out of sight. It is a quantitative analysis of the effects of the Allied food blockade during World War I on the energy available to the German population and of the failure by the German government to distribute the available energy fairly. He shows that by 1919 a substantial proportion of the urban Germans were starving. His data are summarized in this article. Starling concluded that empty stomachs were a major reason for the German capitulation. His analysis grew out of his work as the second chairman of the Food [War] Committee of The Royal Society and as one of the two British members of the International Scientific Food Commission, pioneering bodies in using science to help to set public policy.

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