Article Bowler, Peter J.; (1979)
Theodor Eimer and orthogenesis: Evolution by “definitely directed variation” (/isis/citation/CBB000008362/)

Article George R. McGhee; (2016)
Can evolution be directional without being teleological? (/isis/citation/CBB533310319/)

Book Akhundov, Murad D.; (1986)
Conceptions of space and time--Sources, evolution, directions. Translated by Charles Rougle (/isis/citation/CBB000042138/)

Book Jagtenberg, Thomas; (1983)
The social construction of science: A comparative study of goal direction, research evolution, and legitimation (/isis/citation/CBB000005230/)

Chapter Gissis, Snait B.; Jablonka, Eva; (2011)
Ramifications and Future Directions (/isis/citation/CBB001500112/)

Article Bartholomew, Michael; (1975)
Huxley's defence of Darwin (/isis/citation/CBB000018685/)

Article Kim, Eun-Sung; (2008)
Directed Evolution: A Historical Exploration into an Evolutionary Experimental System of Nanobiotechnology, 1965--2006 (/isis/citation/CBB000932240/)

Thesis Ulett, Mark Andrew; (2014)
Definitely Directed Evolution (1890--1926): The Importance of Variation in Major Evolutionary Works by Theodor Eimer, Edward Drinker Cope, and Leo Berg (/isis/citation/CBB001567630/)

Article Bartels, Ditta; Johnston, Ron; (1984)
The sociology of goal-directed science: Recombinant DNA research (/isis/citation/CBB000044585/)

Article Lightman, Bernard; (2010)
Darwin and the Popularization of Evolution (/isis/citation/CBB001022698/)

Book Jonathan Birch; (2017)
The Philosophy of Social Evolution (/isis/citation/CBB585525367/)

Article Case, Andrew N.; (April 2019)
Evolution of Organic: The Story of the Organic Movement (/isis/citation/CBB271676051/)

Article Eldredge, Niles; (1992)
Marjorie Grene, “Two evolutionary theories”, and modern evolutionary theory (/isis/citation/CBB000045110/)

Article Ruffié, Jacques; (1985)
The evolution of the idea of evolution (/isis/citation/CBB000050455/)

Chapter La Vergata, Antonello; (1995)
La lutte et l'effort (/isis/citation/CBB000029976/)

Chapter Christian, David; (2009)
Progress: Directionality or Betterment? (/isis/citation/CBB001035398/)

Book Flew, Anthony; (1984)
Darwinian evolution (/isis/citation/CBB000011872/)

Article Díaz, Edna Suárez; (2007)
The Rhetoric of Informational Molecules: Authority and Promises in the Early Study of Molecular Evolution (/isis/citation/CBB000850283/)

Article Kolchinsky, E. I.; (2010)
K. M. Zavadsky (1910--2010): from History to Experiment to Theoretical Biology (/isis/citation/CBB001211374/)

Article Levit, Georgy S.; Olsson, Lennart; (2006)
“Evolution on Rails”: Mechanisms and Levels of Orthogenesis (/isis/citation/CBB000933667/)