Book Koons, Robert C.; (2000)
Realism Regained: An Exact Theory of Causation, Teleology, and the Mind (/isis/citation/CBB000410586/)

Article Ariew, André; (2003)
Ernst Mayr's “Ultimate/Proximate” Distinction Reconsidered and Reconstructed (/isis/citation/CBB000340589/)

Article Moss, Lenny; Nicholson, Daniel J.; (2012)
On Nature and Normativity: Normativity, Teleology, and Mechanism in Biological Explanation (/isis/citation/CBB001221591/)

Article Aaron Wells; (2020)
Kant, Linnaeus, and the economy of nature (/isis/citation/CBB872058525/)

Book Godfrey-Smith, Peter; (2014)
Philosophy of Biology (/isis/citation/CBB001510277/)

Article Andrade Martins, Roberto de; (2014)
A doutrina das causas finais na Antiguidade. 3. A teleologia na natureza, de Teofrasto a Galeno (/isis/citation/CBB001451429/)

Article Depew, David J.; (2008)
Consequence Etiology and Biological Teleology in Aristotle and Darwin (/isis/citation/CBB000831719/)

Article Brandon A. Conley; (2019)
Mayr and Tinbergen: disentangling and integrating (/isis/citation/CBB308076732/)

Article Sandy C. Boucher; (2021)
Biological Teleology, Reductionism, and Verbal Disputes (/isis/citation/CBB536738665/)

Article Gambarotto, Andrea; (2014)
Vital Forces and Organization: Philosophy of Nature and Biology in Karl Friedrich Kielmeyer (/isis/citation/CBB001421577/)

Article Aparna Ravilochan; (2023)
Unseating the Craftsman: Natural Efficient Cause in Aristotle's Craft Analogy (/isis/citation/CBB309653260/)

Article Zammito, John H.; (2012)
The Lenoir Thesis Revisited: Blumenbach and Kant (/isis/citation/CBB001221595/)

Article Lewens, Tim; (2000)
Function Talk and the Artefact Model (/isis/citation/CBB000770647/)

Article Lipton, Peter; (2000)
Introduction: The Pull of Teleology (/isis/citation/CBB000770642/)

Article Andrade Martins, Roberto de; (2013)
A doutrina das causas finais na Antiguidade. 2. A teleologia na natureza, segundo Aristóteles (/isis/citation/CBB001214013/)

Article Ben Bradley; (2022)
Natural selection according to Darwin: Cause or effect? (/isis/citation/CBB830954057/)

Article Michael Ruse; (2016)
Evolutionary biology and the question of teleology (/isis/citation/CBB878894989/)

Article Daniel W. McShea; (2016)
Freedom and purpose in biology (/isis/citation/CBB213780539/)

Article Maund, Barry; (2000)
Proper Functions and Aristotelian Functions in Biology (/isis/citation/CBB000770650/)

Article Michelini, Francesca; (2012)
Hegel's Notion of Natural Purpose (/isis/citation/CBB001221596/)